Biting insects and the diseases they carry
| VECTOR | DISEASE | GEOGRAPHIC AREA | PEAK ACTIVITY |
| Mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles | Malaria | All hot, humid intertropical regions except the French Antilles, Tahiti, Reunion, New Caledonia and the developed areas of South America and Southeast Asia. | Usually bite from nightfall to daybreak, i.e. at night. Peak activity periods vary from one species to another. Some species prefer to bite indoors, while others prefer outdoors. |
| Filariasis | India, Africa, Southeast Asia, Pacific and the Americas | ||
| Mosquitoes of the genus Aedes | Yellow Fever | Africa (Uganda, Kenya, Sudan, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Zaire, Senegal, etc.), Latin America (Panama, Honduras, Costa Rica, Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Peru, Trinity, etc). | Mainly bite during the day (in the early morning and at the end of the day). |
| Dengue | Southeast Asia, Pacific, South America, Africa. | ||
| Chikungunya | Sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, and, since 2005, the Indian Ocean. | ||
| Filariasis | India, Africa, Southeast Asia, Pacific and the Americas | ||
| Mosquitoes of the genus Culex | Filariasis | India, Africa, Southeast Asia, Pacific and the Americas | Usually bite at night, often outdoors, but sometimes indoors. |
| Japanese encephalitis | Continental Asia (China, Korea, Japan, Southeast Asia and the eastern part of the former USSR), currently spreading toward India, Bangladesh and Myanmar. | ||
| Infection with the West Nile Virus | Europe, Africa, Asia, United States, Canada. | ||
| Ticks | Tick-borne Meningoencephalitis (TBE) | Rural forested areas of Central Europe (certain regions of Austria, Switzerland, Southern Germany, France (Alsace-Lorraine, Vosges), etc.), Eastern Europe, Scandinavia and the Baltics. | Very widespread in forests, fields and grassy areas; they wait on a blade of grass or branch of a bush for a host to pass. |
| Lyme disease | |||
| Mediterranean spotted fever | Mediterranean rim, Africa, India, Georgia. | ||
| Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever | Africa, Europe and Asia. | ||
| Phlebotomus sandflies | Leishmaniasis | Endemic in India, Mediterranean, China, the Americas, Africa. | Usually bite at nightfall; a large number bite outdoors, but some also bite indoors. |
| Tsetse flies | African trypanosomiasis | Sub-Saharan Africa. | The tsetse fly bites during the day and is more active early in the morning and late in the afternoon. |
| Triatoma / Reduviidae | American trypanosomiasis | Tropical regions of South America. | Active at night, feeding on human blood, usually indoors. |